This study sets out a framework to evaluate the goodness of fit of stochastic mortality models and applies it to six different models estimated using English & Welsh male mortality data over ages 64-89 and years 1961-2007. The methodology exploits the structure of each model to obtain various...

This paper develops a framework for developing forecasts of future mortality rates. We discuss the suitability of six stochastic mortality models for forecasting future mortality and estimating the density of mortality rates at different ages. In particular, the models are assessed individually...

This paper uses survivor fan charts to illustrate the prospective density functions of future male survival rates. The fan charts are based on a version of the Cairns-Blake-Dowd model of male mortality that provides a good fit to recent mortality data for England and Wales. They indicate that...

This paper presents an extension of the application of the concept of entropy to annuity costs. Keyfitz (1985) introduced the concept of entropy, and analysed this in the context of continuous changes in life expectancy. He showed that a higher level of entropy indicates that the life expectancy...

Calculation of risk contributions of sub-portfolios to total portfolio risk is essential for risk management in insurance companies. Thanks to risk capital allocation methods and linearity of the loss model, sub-portfolio (or position) contributions can be calculated efficiently. However, factor...

This paper looks at the development of dynamic hedging strategies for typical pension plan liabilities using longevity-linked hedging instruments. Progress in this area has been hindered by the lack of closed-form formulae for the valuation of mortality-linked liabilities and assets, and the...