This paper considers the pricing of European call options written on pure endowment and deferred life annuity contracts, also known as guaranteed annuity options. These contracts provide a guaranteed value at the maturity of the option. The contract valuation is dependent on the stochastic...

In this paper, we discuss three different approaches to select an equivalent martingale measure for the valuation of contingent claims under a Markovian regime-switching Lévy model. These approaches are the game theoretic approach, the Esscher transformation approach and the general equilibrium...

We develop a flexible model to value longevity bonds which incorporates several important sources of risk, namely, interest rate risk, mortality risk and the risk due to structural changes in economic and environmental conditions. In particular, Markov, regime-switching, jump-diffusion models...

Guaranteed lifetime withdrawal benefits (GLWB) embedded in variable annuities have become an increasingly popular type of life annuity designed to cover systematic mortality risk while providing protection to policyholders from downside investment risk. This paper provides an extensive study of...

The cost of capital is an important factor determining the premiums charged by life insurers issuing life annuities. This capital cost can be reduced by hedging longevity risk with longevity swaps, a form of reinsurance. We assess the costs of longevity risk management using indemnity based...

Pricing and risk management for longevity risk have increasingly become major challenges for life insurers and pension funds around the world. Risk transfer to financial markets, with their major capacity for efficient risk pooling, is an area of significant development for a successful...

Heterogeneity in mortality rates is known to exist in populations, undermining the use of age and sex as the only rating factors for life insurance and annuity products. Life insurers offering life annuities assume that annuitant lives will self-select, and price the longevity risk with an...