The merger of the two German states brings together countries with divergent economic systems, different trade orientations and a rift in terms of wealth. Transforming the East German system into a social market economy raises enormous internal and external adjustment problems in a period in...

The isolation of national telecommunications markets in the past has meant that pronounced differences remain among the R&D systems operating in the countries of the European Community. The intended opening up of public procurement markets by the end of 1992 could therefore lead to substantial...

Foreign direct investment has grown rapidly in recent decades and, along with it, foreign research and development activities. The following article analyzes the reasons for the internationalization of R&D, examines its patterns in relationship to Germany and discusses the implications for...

The task of vitalizing the east German economy was severely underestimated - by politicians as well as by both the academic and the business community. Despite all the encouraging signs in east Germany, which undeniably exist, the process will take more time, require more money, and need more...