The authors present an explicit general equilibrium model consistent with these observations: (1) innovations in the nominal money stock are positively correlated with and precede (" Granger-cause") innovations in output; (2) these innovations in the nominal money stock represent innovations in...

If the central bank follows an interest rate rule, then inflation is likely to be persistent, even when prices are fully flexible. Any shock, whether persistent or not, may lead to inflation persistence. In equilibrium, the dynamics of inflation are determined by the evolution of the spread...