Some fear that personalised communication can lead to information cocoons or filter bubbles. For instance, a personalised news website could give more prominence to conservative or liberal media items, based on the (assumed) political interests of the user. As a result, users may encounter only...

Political micro-targeting (PMT) has become a popular topic both in academia and in the public discussions after the surprise results of the 2016 US presidential election, the UK vote on leaving the European Union, and a number of general elections in Europe in 2017. Yet, we still know little...

Political campaigns increasingly use data to (micro)target voters with tailored messages. In doing so, campaigns raise concerns about privacy and the quality of the public discourse. Extending existing research to a European context, we propose and test a model for understanding how different...

This paper discusses the new phenomenon of platform ad archives. Over the past year, leading social media platforms have installed publicly accessible databases documenting their political advertisements, and several countries have moved to regulate them. If designed and implemented properly, ad...

Feel like living in a dystopia? Take a deep breath, get a strong coffee, and let uschallenge your ideas of where reality ends, and sci-fi begins...

EU policy considers disinformation to be harmful content, rather than illegal content. However, EU member states have recently been making disinformation illegal. This article discusses the definitions that form the basis of EU disinformation policy, and analyses national legislation in EU...

Issues linked to the increasing presence of AI-generated content in people's lives, and the importance of being able to effectively navigate and distinguish such content, are inherently linked to transparency, a notion that our study focuses on by evaluating Art. 50 of the AI Act. This article...

Alongside the recent regulations addressing platforms and digital markets - the Digital Services Act (DSA) and the Digital Markets Act (DMA) - the European Union's (EU) European Media Freedom Act (EMFA) aims to safeguard media freedom and pluralism, two essential pillars of democracy. The EMFA...