entrepreneurship in Germany between 1991 and 2011, the first two decades after reunification. We investigate the socio … increase in self-employment in Germany by 40 percent which can partly be attributed to the transformation process of East … Germany and to the shift to the service sector. We notice a yearly start-up rate of 1 percent among the working population …

environmental conditions that are absent in smaller cities or remote and rural areas. Germany provides a clear counterexample to … such theories. We argue that a main force behind the geography of innovation in Germany is the country's federal tradition …

Employing a quantitative, data-driven tool - the Triple Helix Indicator - to microdata of firms in Germany, we develop …, regional, national) might be most effective for strategic innovation policy-making based on smart specialization in Germany … Governmental Regions (NUTS2). In high-tech and medium-tech manufacturing, former East and West Germany, as well as North and South …