This paper re-examines the Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) hypothesis in which the endogenously determined break points are incorporated in thirteen major Middle East and Northern Africa (MENA) countries by using official and black market exchange rates data over 1970-1998. We utilize Lagrange...

This paper examines the long-run determinants of the demand for money in ten transition countries using panel data for the 1994-2005 period. Using panel unit root tests we rejected the the null hypothesis of the nonstationarity and employed the feasible generalized least squares (FGLS) model....

Whether foreign direct investment (FDI) is beneficial to host country growth or not is a question debated since a long time. This paper provides a survey of the literature on FDI, export and growth, and empirically investigates the causal relationship between economic growth, export and FDI for...

This paper examines the causal relationship between energy consumption and economic growth for Turkey during 1971–2006. We employed two multivariate models, namely demand model and production model, based on vector error correction model. Then, we tested Granger causality after finding...