We estimate the union premium for young men over a period of declining unionization (1980-87) through a procedure which identifies the alternative sources of the endogeneity of union status. While we estimate the average increase in wages resulting from union employment to be in excess of 20% we...

If missing observations in a panel data set are not missing at random, many widely applied estimators may be inconsistent. In this paper the authors examine empirically several ways to reveal the nature and severity of the selectivity problem due to nonresponse, as well as a number of methods to...