In longitudinal studies, nonlinear mixed-effects models have been widely applied to describe the intra- and the inter-subject variations in data. The inter-subject variation usually receives great attention and it may be partially explained by time-dependent covariates. However, some covariates...

HIV viral dynamic models have received much attention in the literature. Long-term viral dynamics may be modelled by semiparametric nonlinear mixed-effect models, which incorporate large variation between subjects and autocorrelation within subjects and are flexible in modelling complex viral...

One important property of any drug product is its stability over time. Drug stability studies are routinely carried out in the pharmaceutical industry in order to measure the degradation of an active pharmaceutical ingredient of a drug product. One important study objective is to estimate the...