Marine and coastal ecosystems are of high importance owing to the mankind dependence on the goods and services provided. Due to the lack of an official market to valuate non-marketed goods and services, contingent valuation is applied intensively in order to provide the policy makers and the...

Dynamic modeling is general and recently the most interesting perspective to solve a dynamic economic problem based on Pontryagin's maximum principle. Moreover traditional economic theory, up to the middle of twentieth century, builds up the production functions regardless the inputs' scarcity....