The objectives of this paper are to determine the patterns of innovative knowledge transfer strategies of globalized group-affiliated companies (GACs) from emerging markets and to assess the effects of these patterns on the performance of foreign subsidiaries. The sample are comprised of 52...

This paper reviews the empirical literature on the determinants of the choice by multinational enterprises between entering foreign countries through greenfields or acquisitions. We discuss and compare the main theoretical perspectives used, provide a detailed overview of the empirical findings,...

Progress in understanding the liability of foreignness requires accurate measurement of this concept. This paper investigates whether exits of foreign affiliates from a given host market provide a reliable measure. We tackle this question by investigating 32 exits of Japanese manufacturing...