This literature review on the topic of subsidiary initiatives discloses a certain lack of conceptual clarity concerning the phenomenon. After providing an overview of the research field, the paper applies a conception of entrepreneurship inspired by Schumpeter (1912) as a basis for refining our...

The situation in which a multinational firm compensates for comparative weakness in home-country R&D by locating vital R&D activities in foreign countries with a stronger R&D base has generally been considered a fairly marginal phenomenon. Yet home base-compensating R&D by MNCs is more prevalent...