Whether termed participation, organizational or union citizenship, extra-role behaviors, or activism, union members’ voluntary efforts on behalf of the union have received renewed academic and practitioner interest in recent years. The reason for the renewed interest is the terms’ close...

This study analyzes U.S. union organizing activity and membership growth from 1990 to 2004, a period in which an overall pattern of union decline continued and in which organizing achieved renewed prominence as both a union policy and public policy issue. Models for organizing activity and...