1. Background The background to this special issue was the 2003 PMA Intellectual Capital Symposium, which was held at Cranfield School of Management, UK, between 31 September and 2 October 2003. The Performance Measurement Association (PMA) is a global network for those interested in the theory...

Today, many organizations recognize the importance of intellectual capital as a principal driver of firm performance and a core differentiator. The aim of this e-book was to bring together the approaches of the different management consulting firms and to make their differences explicit...