Pesticides are agricultural inputs that can significantly reduce yield losses, regulate plant growth, effectively liberate agricultural productivity, and improve food security. The availability of pesticides in economies worldwide is ensured by redistribution through international trade, with...

Intermittent or multifractal behavior has been reported in various markets, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has been investigated. However, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on global spot markets for staple foods has not yet been studied. We fill this gap by investigating the grain...