This paper examines the hypothesis that industries engaged in international fragmentation of production experience greater skill upgrading using a panel data set of Japanese manufacturing over the period 1980-2000. The novelty of the study comes from the use of a newly constructed index using...

This paper examines the agglomeration effects of multinational firms on the location decisions of first-time Japanese manufacturing investors in China for the period 1995–2007. This is accomplished by exploiting newly constructed measures of inter-firm backward and forward linkages formed in a...