Cappé, Olivier; Moulines, Eric - In: Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B 71 (2009) 3, pp. 593-613
We propose a generic on-line (also sometimes called adaptive or recursive) version of the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm applicable to latent variable models of independent observations. Compared with the algorithm of Titterington, this approach is more directly connected to the usual...