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This paper aims to provide an overview of the recently introduced demand based innovation policy instrument in Finland … - the Strategic Centers for Science, Technology and Innovation (in Finnish - SHOKs). SHOKs are formed to support the … innovative activities of existing industries in Finland with emphasis on industrial renewal through innovation. The focus in this …

innovation system. Three virtually simultaneous changes are of special importance. The first is the massive on-going renewal of … foundation of the so-called Strategic Centres for Science, Technology and Innovation (Finnish acronym: SHOK) that aim at … Centres for Science ; Technology and Innovation ; SHOK ; Universities Act ; University Inventions Act ; university technology …