The purpose of this essay is to re-assess the case of outward- oriented trade regimes in the process of economic development. The nature of outward-orientation is briefly explained in the next section. As developing countries usually start their industrialization through import substitution...

Im Rahmen ihrer seit 1979 verfolgten wirtschaftlichen Öffnungspolitik hat die VR China vor allem in Küstenregionen besondere Anreize für die Attraktion von ausländischen Direktinvestitionen (FDI) geschaffen. Den vier Wirtschaftszonen (WSZ), einigen offenen Küstenstädten sowie den offenen...

The establishment of the Common Market, a more inward looking trade policy on the part of the United States and, last but not least, the urgent demand of less developed countries for free access to the markets of the highly industrialized nations have revived international interest in the impact...

In the 1980s, the Western Pacific hemisphere ranging from Japan and the PR China to Australia and New Zealand has remained the growth pole of the world economy. Real per capita incomes of East and Southeast Asian developing economies grew even faster in this decade than in the 1970s [World Bank,...

Major disturbances in their global environment such as the world-wide recession in the early 1980s, in increasing protectionism in the EC and the US, large exchange rate fluctuations, high and volatile real interest rates and commodity price shocks have not prevented developing Asian countries...

This paper gives a progress report of a research project focusing on the competition of Japanese, US, and European firms on ASEAN markets and their impact on economic development both in home and host. countries [Hiemenz, 1984; GroB, 1985; Langhammer, Hiemenz, 1985; v. Kirchbach, 1985], The subsequent...

Das Papier unterzieht Studien der Weltbank über Verlauf und Ergebnis von Strukturanpassung in Subsahara Afrika einer kritischen Würdigung. Zwei zentralen Behauptungen der Bank wird widersprochen: Strukturanpassung hätte zu einem Abbau ökonomischer Renten geführt und man könne...