The focus on development and poverty reduction by the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund has increased the scope, and opportunity, for these highly influential international financial institutions to consider the human rights implications of their policy-based operations. Some...

A concern with ensuring minimum standards of dignity for all and a doctrine based on the need to secure for everyone basic levels of rights have traditionally shaped the way in which international human rights law addresses poverty. Whether this minimalist, non-relational approach befits...

Austerity measures in many European countries have led to the violation of social rights and widespread socio-economic malaise. In the case of countries subjected to conditionality imposed by external institutions for the receipt of loans, the resultant harms have highlighted responsibility gaps...