In May 2020, for the first time in its history, the Federal Constitutional Court (FCC) of Germany declared Union acts as being ultra vires. According to the FCC, the European Central Bank (ECB) and the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) had acted beyond their mandates because they did...

Die ohne Zutun der europäischen Politik vom Europäischen Gerichtshof und der Kommission betriebene „Integration durch Recht“ hat eine extensive Dynamik der Liberalisierung entfaltet. Wie lässt sich dieser Umstand erklären? Mit dieser Frage hat sich die 2008 gegründete...

This paper analyzes the attitudes of industrial employers during the German Empire and the Weimar Republic towards the adoption of public unemployment insurance. While employers initially opposed unemployment insurance, they eventually endorsed it. What explains this shift in attitude? The paper...