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A previous analysis of the impact of formal institutions on the knowledge economy of 22 Middle-Eastern and Sub-Sahara African countries during the 1996-2010 time period concluded that formal institutions were necessary, but inadequate, determinants of the knowledge economy. To extend that study,...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011112429
The object of this paper is to complement theoretical ‘mobile penetration’ literature with empirical evidence in a dual manner: on the one hand, assess the income-redistributive effect of mobile phone penetration and; on the other hand, the instrumentality of good governance in this nexus....
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011259416
survey-based approaches in the literature and provides the first macroeconomic assessment of the ‘mobile phone’-inequality …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011261106
which freedoms channels are poverty and inequality mitigated? With the instrumentality of formal institutions: (1) de jure …) political liberalization has a disequalizing effect and; (3) economic freedom has a positive (negative) effect on inequality … some channels of globalization on poverty (and inequality), formal institutions have the capacity to device policies that …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011109659
In the first empirical study on how financial reforms have been instrumental in mitigating inequality through financial …: (1) while formal financial development decreases inequality, financial sector formalization increases it; (2) whereas … semi-formal financial development increases inequality, the effect of financial semi-formalization is unclear; (3) both …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011114317
broadly show that GDP per capita and education positively affect all middle class dependent variables. However, we have seen a …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011264823