Heavy indebtedness and debt service payments, indicated by debt magnitudes and shares to national budgets, revenues, or … in order to timely meet debt obligations. The failure to reduce indebtedness, improve national revenues, and raise …

, multilateral, and UN agencies. We create aid practice measures based on aid transparency, specialization, selectivity, ineffective … all agencies on transparency, fragmentation, and selectivity is still very poor. The paper also assesses trends in best … practices over time—we find modest improvement in transparency and more in moving away from ineffective channels. However, we …