Economists generally view environmental enforcement as a tool to secure compliance with regulations. This paper … demonstrates that credible enforcement significantly increases statutory over-compliance with regulations as well. We find that … required by law. Thus, increased enforcement generates substantial discharge reductions above and beyond those expected from …

enforcement and violence. To test this relationship, I use information on Colombian municipalities during the period 1999 … capital cities as sources of exogenous variation, I estimate the effect of drug enforcement on violence in Colombia. To … Colombian violence data is explained by drug enforcement. The results indicate that the Colombian government's enforcement …

antitrust enforcement and prove that it is better to increase damages that to reduce costs of initiating a suit. In particular …