We study a single-product single-location inventory system under periodic review, where excess demand is lost and the replenishment lead time is positive. The performance measure of interest is the long-run average holding cost and lost sales penalty cost. For a large class of demand...

A simple and effective way to exploit parallel processors in discrete event simulations is to run multiple independent replications, in parallel, on multiple processors and to average the results at the end of the runs. We call this the method of parallel replications. This paper is concerned...

Approaches like finite differences with common random numbers, infinitesimal perturbation analysis, and the likelihood ratio method have drawn a great deal of attention recently as ways of estimating the gradient of a performance measure with respect to continuous parameters in a dynamic...

Importance sampling is one of the classical variance reduction techniques for increasing the efficiency of Monte Carlo algorithms for estimating integrals. The basic idea is to replace the original random mechanism in the simulation by a new one and at the same time modify the function being...

We study the estimation of steady-state performance measures from an \frak{R}^d-valued stochastic process Y = {Y(t): t \ge 0} representing the output of a simulation. In many applications, we may be interested in the estimation of a steady-state performance measure that cannot be expressed as a...

In this paper, we develop approximations that yield insight into the joint optimization of capacity and inventory,and how the optimal inventory policy varies with capacity investment in a single-product, single-station, make-to-stock manufacturing system in which inventory is managed through a...

In a discrete-event simulation, the information related to the events scheduled to occur in the future is kept in a data structure called the future event set (FES). In this paper, we study the interaction hold model, a popular stochastic model for FES performance analysis, corresponding to the...

This paper gives numerical illustrations of the behavior of stochastic approximation, combined with different derivative estimation techniques, to optimize a steady-state system. It is a companion paper to L'Ecuyer and Glynn (1993), which gives convergence proofs for most of the variants...

The regenerative method for estimating steady-state parameters is one of the basic methods in simulation output analysis. This method depends on central limit theorems for regenerative processes and weakly consistent estimates for the variance constants arising in the central limit theorems. A...

In this note, we further develop the pathwise convexity approach introduced by Hu (1991) to prove consistency of infinitesimal perturbation analysis for the derivative of the steady-state waiting time of the G/G/1 queue. In addition to generalizing the argument, we illustrate the technique with...