It is well known in the literature that obtaining the parameter estimates for the Smooth Transition Autoregressive-Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (STAR-GARCH) can be problematic due to computational difficulties. Conventional optimization algorithms do not seem to...

Atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations (ACDC) are critical to the global temperature control system and climate change, with ACDC levels having increased rapidly since the start of the industrial revolution in the late 1700s, and the climate having become quite unstable with significant...

Since the introduction of the Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (ARCH) model of Engle [R. Engle, Autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity with estimates of the variance of United Kingdom inflation, Econometrica 50 (1982) 987–1007], the literature of modelling the conditional...

Although the impact of structural breaks on testing for unit root has been studied extensively for univariate time-series, such impact on panel data unit root tests is still relatively unknown. A major issue is the choice of model in accommodating different types of break prior to testing for...

Since the 1970s, electronics and associated electrical equipment (henceforth “electronics”) has been one of the most dominant industries in the developed countries, with its geographical centre firmly rooted in the USA. The overall presence of electronics patents in the USA is considerable,...

The aim of this paper is to investigate the effect of the Chinese B share market reform on the conditional correlation and information transmission between A and B Shares issued in the Shanghai and Shenzen stock exchanges. Daily returns for the Shanghai A share index (SHA), Shanghai B share...

This paper aims to analyse the seasonality in New Zealand tourism demand from Australia and the USA using spectral analysis. Tourism demand is divided into four different categories depending on the tourists’ visiting purposes as registered in the customs cards upon their arrivals in New...

This paper examines the finite sample properties of structural change tests with an unknown breakpoint for the probit model in the presence of serial correlation. The combination of structural change and serial correlation renders model estimation challenging, affecting the consistency of...