</titre> Fair trade is increasing in developing countries with in the same time some movements of local certification. We analyse this double movement. We underline the existence of three concomitant reasons : a reaction to the hegemony exerted by FLO on fair trade standards, the need to create new...

</titre> Basing our study on a gravity model using panel data, we estimate the effects on exports of the progress achieved by a country as regards CO2 emissions in relation to its partners. The model includes dummy variables corresponding to the internal and external trade flows of regional groups. The...

</titre> This contribution analyses the link between the process of regional economic integration in East Asia and the history of two major recent economic crises : 1997, the so-called ?Asian crisis?, and 2007 the ?subprime crisis?, ten years later. In 1997, an economic crisis is generated in Asia,...

</titre> Medical tourism is seen as a recent concept and is mainly seen as plastic surgery in developing countries. However, medical tourism refers to patients taking advantage of medical services abroad in an environment different from that of their everyday lives. Several factors have led to this...

</titre> In this paper, we study the consequences of the absence of a precise definition of the notion of developing countries in the World Trade Organization (WTO). Negotiations engaged since 2001 in the Doha round cannot, in our opinion, find a way other than taking into account the heterogeneity of...

This article reviews, on the basis of observation made between 1994 and 2004 during eight reforms in developing countries, a series of ten factors which significantly have affected the success of the projects of reforms. The success of a reform, according to the author, counts on factors of...

The aim of this article consists in measuring in which way health policies in developing countries are contributing to sustainable development goals. Firstly, a return on the terminology and the abstract contents of the sustainable development allows us to identify it with the cumulative and...

The health of the population represents one of the main objectives of the development. Even if the sanitary conditions have globally improved, it is still a concern in several developing countries of Sub-saharan Africa. The infant mortality and the death rate during birth, the high presence of...

The aim of this article is to revisit health policies trajectories in low developing countries, using a socioeconomic framework. Firstly, one remarks several stylized facts wich draw the trend of such trajectories. Secondly, we try to give a sense to evolutions of health policies in developing...

The economic analysis of the links between institutions and development is crucial with regard to the challenges linked to the health situation and the conditions of the access to health services of populations in disadvantaged countries. Besides the insufficiency of the aid for development,...