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The Cost of Us Pharmaceutical Price Reductions : A Financial Simulation Model of R&D Decisions

Abbott, Thomas A.; Vernon, John A. - 2021

Previous empirical studies that have examined the links between pharmaceutical price controls, profits, cash flows, and investment in research and development (R&D) have been largely based on retrospective statistical analyses of firm- and/or industry-level data. These studies, which have...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013227913

Ivory Tower Versus Corporate Lab : An Empirical Study of Basic Research and Appropriability

Trajtenberg, Manuel; Henderson, Rebecca M.; Jaffe, Adam B. - 2021

We explore the use of patent citations to measure the "basicness" and appropriability of inventions. We propose that the basicness of research underlying an invention can be characterized by the nature of the previous patents cited by an invention; that the basicness of research outcomes relates...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013230381

Optimal Currency Areas

Alesina, Alberto F.; Barro, Robert J.; Tenreyro, Silvana - 2021

As the number of independent countries increases and their economies become more integrated, we would expect to observe more multi-country currency unions. This paper explores the pros and cons for different countries to adopt as an anchor the dollar, the euro, or the yen. Although there appear...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013233010

International R&D Deployment and Locational Advantage : A Case Study of Taiwan

Liu, Meng-Chun; Chen, Shin-Horng - 2021

Although it is evident that R&D has undergone a process of internationalization, and that the less-advanced economies are becoming increasingly involved in this process, the substantial body of literature in this area has been based largely on the experiences of the developed countries. This...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013233228

Social Construction of Trust to Protect Ideas and Data in Space Science and Geophysics

Zucker, Lynne G.; Darby, Michael R. - 2021

This paper applies a rational action/economic sociology approach to the central organizational theory question of whether action is embedded in pre-formed institutions that are relatively cheap in terms of time and energy, or to what extent action becomes embedded in newly constructed...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013243377

Entice : Endogenous Technological Change in the Dice Model of Global Warming

Popp, David - 2021

Despite growing empirical evidence of the link between environmental policy and innovation, most economic models of … innovation in the energy sector. Ignoring induced technological change overstates the welfare costs of an optimal carbon tax …, as the effect of induced innovation on emissions and mean global temperature is small. Sensitivity analysis shows that …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013243611

European Technology Policy

Eaton, Jonathan; Gutierrez, Eva; Kortum, Samuel S. - 2021

European countries do less research than Japan and the United States. We use a quantitative multi-country growth model to ask: (i) Why is this so? (ii) Would there be any benefit to expanding research in Europe? (iii) What would various European research promotion policies do? We find that (i)...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013245102

Is Public R&D a Complement or Substitute for Private R&D? A Review of the Econometric Evidence

David, Paul A.; Hall, Bronwyn H.; Toole, Andrew A. - 2021

Is public R&D spending complementary and thus "additional" to private R&D spending, or does it substitute for and tend to "crowd out" private R&D? Conflicting answers are given to this question. We survey the body of available economectric evidence accumulated over the past 35 years. A framework...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013245706

International R&D Spillovers

Coe, David T.; Helpman, Elhanan - 2021

Investment in research and development (R&D) affects a country's total factor productivity. Recently new theories of economic growth have emphasized this link and have also identified a number of channels through which a country's R&D affects total factor productivity of its trade partners....

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013246064

Research and Development as an Investment

Hall, Bronwyn H.; Hayashi, Fumio - 2021

About 20 percent of the gross investment expenditures of U.S. manufacturing firms is expenditures on research and development. Like investment in physical capital, R&D also responds to news about future prospects of the firm, such as profitability, technological opportunities, or changes in...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013247005