-level productivity. We also examine whether M&As increase efficiency through reallocation of production to more efficient plants or …

the efficiency with which they process cargo have become an ever more important topic. Yet, there exist very little data … that allows one to compare port efficiency measures of any kind across ports and, especially, over time. This paper … provides a new statistical method of uncovering port efficiency measures using U.S. Census data on imports into U.S. ports …