the empirical context. Intervening on the data is an easy-to-use, intuitive approach for addressing economic efficiency …

use existing information. Our results imply that credit scores improve the efficiency and decentralize decision-making in …

arrangements on productive efficiency in medical group practices. The technique employed is two-stage production frontier … estimation. This technique provides direct estimates of productive efficiency and allows for differences across agents in ability … or responsiveness to financial incentives. In the frontier literature productive efficiency is assumed to be exogenously …