decline of profitability and employment in manufacturing, and simulated using annual data from 1950 to 1979. The wage …

Standard models suggest that adverse labor demand shocks will lead to bigger employment losses if institutional factors … explains the contrast between the United States, where real wages fell over the 1980s and aggregate employment expanded … vigorously, and Europe, where real wages were (roughly) constant and employment was stagnant. We test this hypothesis by …

from risk. This study develops the concept of %u201Cpolitical risk%u201D as the possibility that some future legislature … in the demographic and macroeconomic variables that support it. Thus there is a %u201Cpolitical risk%u201D to … participants that might be compared to the %u201Cmarket risk%u201D in a personal accounts retirement scheme. In this paper, we …

focuses on three large Continental European countries: France, Germany, and Italy. These countries have large pay …

Over the course of the nineteenth century, the struggles of Paris Bourse to manage counterparty risk revealed the … regime that limited risk, trading began to migrate off the exchange to less regulated markets …

short-term employment contracts are converted to long-term contracts at their termination; (7) most worker flows are … procyclical; (8) employment adjustment occurs primarily through changes in the entry rates (often of short-term contract workers … about three times the size of net employment changes inside the job category …

market in France has polarized: employment shares of high and low wage occupations have grown, while middle wage occupations … employment share of techies. Using the subsample of firms that are active over the whole period, we show that firms with more … techies in 2002 saw greater polarization, and grew faster, from 2002 to 2007. Offshoring reduced employment growth. Among blue …