This paper examines the risk aspects of an investment-based defined contribution Social Security plan. We focus on the … risk after the plan is fully phased in. Individuals deposit a fraction of wages to a Personal Retirement Account (PRA … cushion' that protects the individual from the risk of an unacceptably low level of benefits. For example, PRA deposits of 6 …

government's role in promoting risk sharing. Benefits for each retired person may be tied to that person's lifetime income …

was 1-3 degrees Fahrenheit. In addition, people with higher risk estimates, whether for temperature or related risks (e …, significant behavioral propensities also emerged. For example, accessibility of neutral information on global warming boosted risk …

We propose and implement a procedure to dynamically hedge climate change risk. To create our hedge target, we extract … hedge portfolios. We discipline the exercise by using third-party ESG scores of firms to model their climate risk exposures … managing climate risk …

number of features including potential tail risk, exogenous and endogenous technological change, and backstop technologies … delay. We decompose the optimal carbon price into two components: expected discounted damages and the risk premium …