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Estimating the Value of a Statistical Life : The Importance of Omitted Variables and Publication Bias
Ashenfelter, Orley - 2011
In this paper we show that omitted variables and publication bias lead to severely biased estimates of the value of a …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013132340
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Using Mandated Speed Limits to Measure the Value of a Statistical Life
Ashenfelter, Orley; Greenstone, Michael - 2021
In 1987 the federal government permitted states to raise the speed limit on their rural interstate roads, but not on their urban interstate roads, from 55 mph to 65 mph for the first time in over a decade. Since the states that adopted the higher speed limit must have valued the travel hours...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013229049
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Bias in U.S. Import Prices and Demand
Feenstra, Robert C.; Shiells, Clinton R. - 2021
The purpose of the paper is to measure the potential bias in the U.S. import price index due to the appearance of new … product varieties, or new foreign suppliers, and determine the effect of this bias on the estimated income elasticity of … share of import expenditure on the sampled products is falling over time, this will lead to an upward bias in the measured …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013237262
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Sources of U.S. Longevity Increase, 1960-1997
Lichtenberg, Frank R. - 2021
Between 1960 and 1997, life expectancy at birth of Americans increased approximately 10% - from 69.7 to 76.5 years - and it has been estimated that the value of life extension during this period nearly equaled the gains in tangible consumption. We investigate whether an aggregate health...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013224922
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The Measurement and Evolution of Health Inequality : Evidence from the U.S. Medicare Population
Skinner, Jonathan S.; Zhou, Weiping - 2021
Has U.S. health care for the elderly become more equitable during the past several decades? When inequality is measured by Medicare expenditures, the answer is yes. During 1987-2001, low income households experienced an increase of 78 percent ($2624) in per capita expenditures, double the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013247023
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Area Differences in Utilization of Medical Care and Mortality Among U.S. Elderly
Fuchs, Victor R.; McClellan, Mark B.; Skinner, Jonathan S. - 2021
This paper examines 313 U.S. areas for differences in medical care utilization and mortality of whites ages 65-84 in 1990. The variables included in the analysis are education, real income, cigarette sales, obesity, air pollution, percent black, and dummy variables for seven regions and five...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013249539
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Excess Deaths in the United States During the First Year of Covid-19
Ruhm, Christopher J. - 2022
Accurately determining the number of excess deaths caused by the COVID-19 pandemic is hard. The most important challenge is accurately estimating the counterfactual count of baseline deaths that would have occurred in its absence. This analysis used new methods to: estimate this baseline metric;...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013313296
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Iatrogenic Specification Error : A Cautionary Tale of Cleaning Data
Bollinger, Christopher R.; Chandra, Amitabh - 2021
winsorizing may induce or exacerbate bias. We term this source of bias Iatrogenic' (or econometrician induced) error. The …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013232932
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Fatal Errors : The Mortality Value of Accurate Weather Forecasts
Shrader, Jeffrey; Bakkensen, Laura; Lemoine, Derek - 2023
We provide the first revealed preference estimates of the benefits of routine weather forecasts. The benefits come from how people use advance information to reduce mortality from heat and cold. Theoretically, more accurate forecasts reduce mortality if and only if mortality risk is convex in...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014347542
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Sample Selection in the Estimation of Air Bag and Seat Belt Effectiveness
Levitt, Steven D.; Porter, Jack - 2021
Measurement of seat belt and air bag effectiveness is complicated by the fact that systematic data are collected only for crashes in which a fatality occurs. These data suffer from sample selection since seat belt and air bag usage influences survival rates which in turn determine whether a...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013240315