optimal subsidy schedule that features heterogeneity in consumer preferences and inertia, and firms with heterogeneous costs … that can set prices and product characteristics in response to changes in the subsidy. We apply it to the Medicare …

market structures ranging from competition to monopoly, the marginal externality and optimal subsidy are non-monotonic in … against an emerging epidemic. While the nonmonotonic pattern of the optimal subsidy persists, new findings emerge. Universal …

We analyze the efficient subsidy for durable good technologies. We theoretically demonstrate that a policymaker faces a … tension between intertemporally price discriminating by designing a subsidy that increases over time and taking advantage of … future technological progress by designing a subsidy that decreases over time. Using dynamic estimates of household …

combination of a presumptive tax and an environmental subsidy. A presumptive tax is a tax that is imposed under the presumption … that all production uses a dirty technology or all consumption goods become waste. The environmental subsidy is then … usefulness of the tax-subsidy combination, we review conceptual considerations regarding its implementation and practical …

three domestic policies considered: a tariff or subsidy on imports of both products and a domestic production subsidy. The … the production of the input can critically affect the desirability of a tax as apposed to a subsidy on intermediate …

In evaluating the effect of an R&D subsidy we need to know what the subsidized firm would have spent on R&D had it not … received the subsidy. Using data on Israeli manufacturing firms in the 1990s we find evidence suggesting that the R&D subsidies … this effect is large enough to justify the existence of the subsidy program, it is lower than expected given the dollar …