We study the effects of peer gender composition, a proxy for female-friendliness of environment, in STEM doctoral … programs on persistence and degree completion. Leveraging unique new data and quasi-random variation in gender composition … the probability of on-time graduation for women by 4.6pp. These gender peer effects function primarily through changes in …

, gender, cohort of entry, and collaboration characteristics, conditional on the scientist's rank. We find that the size and … productivity, while age and gender, and past productivity are also influential determinants of both productivity and probability of …

relative to fathers, narrowing the emerging post-pandemic gender gap. Having a stay-at-home partner reduced the disruptions to …

We establish the presence of a gender gap in mathematics across many low- and middle-income countries using detailed …, the gender gap appears to increase with age. Indeed, the gap nearly doubles when comparing 4th grade and 8th grade test … ability, and classroom environment (including teacher gender) explain a substantial portion of the gap. While none of these …

characteristics and on countries' regulatory differences. We show that individual characteristics, such as gender, age, and status in …

eroded, and the gender happiness gap has disappeared entirely. Paralleling changes in the income distribution, differences in …

identity salient to black subjects, non-immigrant blacks (but not immigrant blacks) make more patient choices. Making gender …