-defense in this way deters crime or, alternatively, increases homicide. To do so, we apply a difference-in-differences research … that these homicides are largely classified by police as murder. This suggests that a primary consequence of strengthened …

between the racial composition of a city's police force and the racial patterns of arrests and crime. Increases in the number … police officers has a less clear-cut impact on crime rates. It appears that own-race policing may be more effective in … of minority police are associated with significant increases in arrests of whites, but have little impact on arrests of …

forfeited assets influenced crime and police incentives by taking advantage of pre-existing differences in state level civil …The 1984 federal Comprehensive Crime Control Act (CCCA) included a provision that permitted local law enforcement … asset forfeiture law and the timing of the CCCA. We find that after the CCCA was enacted crime fell about 17 percent in …

Previous empirical studies have typically uncovered little evidence that police reduce crime. One problem with those … studies is a failure to adequately deal with the simultaneity between police and crime: while police may or may not reduce … crime, there is little doubt that expenditures on police forces are an increasing function of the crime rate. In this study …

asymmetric response of crime. In this paper we use three different data sets and three different empirical methodologies to … document this previously-unnoticed regularity. Using nonparametric methods we show that the behavior of property crime is … data from New York City we demonstrate that property crime reacts more (less) strongly to increases (decreases) in the …

This paper develops a model of the geographic distribution of crime in an urban area. When the police protect some … neighborhoods (concentrated protection), the city becomes segregated. When the police are evenly deployed across the city (dispersed … agents left unprotected. Private security makes an integrated city less likely. Even under dispersed public protection, rich …

We argue that the key impediment to accurate measurement of the effect of police on crime is not necessarily … simultaneity bias, but bias due to mismeasurement of police. Using a new panel data set on crime in medium to large U.S. cities … over 1960- 2010, we obtain measurement error corrected estimates of the police elasticity of the cost-weighted sum of …

Body-worn cameras (BWCs) are an increasingly common tool for police oversight, accountability, and transparency, yet …, particularly police use of force. Second, we carry out a benefit-cost analysis of BWCs, as financial barriers are often cited as a … key impediment to adoption by police departments. Our baseline estimate for the benefit-cost ratio of BWCs is 4 …

-or-Practice" investigations on crime and policing. For investigations that were not preceded by "viral" incidents of deadly force, investigations …, on average, led to a statistically significant reduction in homicides and total crime. In stark contrast, all … homicides and total crime. We estimate that these investigations caused almost 900 excess homicides and almost 34,000 excess …