This paper examines a possible connection between China's massive rural to urban migration and high chemical fertilizer …-migration and fertilizer use per hectare are positively correlated. Using 2SLS, employing the opening of a Special Economic Zone in … a nearby city as an instrument, we find that village fertilizer use is linked to contemporaneous short-term out …

In an experiment providing fertilizer grants to women rice farmers in Mali, we found that women who received fertilizer … increased both the quantity of fertilizer they used on their plots and complementary inputs such as herbicides and hired labor … level of output, we find no evidence that profits increased. Our results suggest that fertilizer's impact on profits is …

While many developing-country policymakers see heavy fertilizer subsidies as critical to raising agricultural … politicized, inefficient distribution of fertilizer supply. We model farmers as facing small fixed costs of purchasing fertilizer … patient, such farmers may procrastinate, postponing fertilizer purchases until later periods, when they may be too impatient …