U.S. agriculture was transformed during the 20th century by waves of innovation with mechanical, biological, chemical … innovation will be required to preserve past productivity gains in the face of climate change, coevolving pests and diseases, and … changing technological regulations—let alone increase productivity. Great potential exists for innovation in crop and livestock …

on its ability to generate productivity increase, and domestic innovation will be an important part of it. In this paper …. In terms of drivers of innovation growth, we find that embracing expanded market opportunities in the world economy and … misallocation in the innovation area: while state-owned firms receive more subsidies, private firms exhibit more innovation results …

This chapter reviews the empirical economics literature on the impact of trade liberalization on firms' innovation … levels. In emerging countries, trade liberalization appears to spur productivity and innovation. In developed countries …, export opportunities and access to imported intermediates tend to encourage innovation, but the evidence on import …

. Specifically, import competition forces domestic innovators to chose between either quickening their pace of innovation or being …

In this paper, I develop a model of dynamic comparative advantage based on endogenous innovation. Firms in each of two … and scarcity of natural resources, will specialize relatively in industrial innovation and in the production of high … subsidies and trade policies on the long-run rates of innovation in trade partner countries and on the long-run pattern of trade …

This paper documents a shift in the nature of innovation in the information technology (IT) industry. Using … comprehensive data on all IT patents granted by the USPTO from 1980-2002, we find strong evidence of a change in IT innovation that … is systematic, substantial, and increasingly dependent on software. This change in the nature of IT innovation has had …