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Automobile manufacturers make frequent use of promotions that give cash-back payments. Two common types of cash …-back promotions are rebates to customers, which are widely publicized to potential customers, and discounts to dealers, which are not …-supplied surplus between dealer and customer depends on what price the two parties negotiate. These two types of promotions thus form a …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013235907
The extent of pharmaceutical advertising and promotion can be characterized by a balancing act between profitable demand expansions and potentially unfavorable subsequent regulatory actions. However, this balance also depends on the nature of competition (e.g. monopoly versus oligopoly). In this...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013123314
This review discusses the role of consumer-directed and physician-directed promotion in the pharmaceutical market, based on the classic conceptual framework of whether such promotion is "persuasive" and/or "informative". Implications for public health and welfare partly depend on whether, and to...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013086301
Online reviews could, in principle, greatly improve consumers' ability to evaluate products. However, the authenticity of online user reviews remains a concern; firms have an incentive to manufacture positive reviews for their own products and negative reviews for their rivals. In this paper, we...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013065602
Spending on prescription drugs (Rx) represents one of the fastest growing components of U.S. healthcare spending, and has coincided with an expansion of pharmaceutical promotional spending. Most (83%) of Rx promotion is directed at physicians in the form of visits by pharmaceutical...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013073325
We show that most US food, drugstore, and mass merchandise chains charge nearly-uniform prices across stores, despite wide variation in consumer demographics and competition. Demand estimates reveal substantial within-chain variation in price elasticities and suggest that the median chain...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012900713
A set of randomized experiments shed light on how markets and information influence household decisions to adopt nutritional innovations. Of 400 Indian villages, we randomly assigned half to an intervention where all shopkeepers were offered the option to sell a new salt, fortified with both...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013013931
promotions were particularly attractive. In fact, such large rebates had been available before the employee discount promotion … that many customers paid higher prices following the introduction of the promotions than they would have in the weeks just … evaluating how good current prices are. We argue that the employee discount pricing promotions were price cues, and that …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012776854
Does a person's historical lineage influence his or her current economic status? Motivated by a large literature in … countries, we examine the relative contemporary status of individuals as a function of how much their ancestors relied on …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013000530
. However, status competition is also associated with excessive expenditure on status goods, greater likelihood of bankruptcy …, and more risk taking by money managers. This paper examines the effects of recognition and status competition jointly. In … collected data on monthly “victory” scores of more than 5,000 German pilots during World War II, we find that status competition …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012966607