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Grossman, Gene M. - 2016

This paper reviews the literature on governments' motivations for negotiating and joining international trade agreements. I discuss both normative explanations for trade agreements and explanations based on political-economy concerns. Most of the paper focuses on the purpose of multilateral...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012996887

Reciprocity, Non-Discrimination and Preferential Agreements in the Multilateral Trading System

Bagwell, Kyle; Staiger, Robert W. - 2021

and non-discrimination, the two principles that are the pillars of the multi- lateral trading system as embodied in GATT and its successor, the WTO. We show that GATT's principle of reciprocity serves to neutralize the world-price effects of a country's trade policy decisions, and hence can...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013239353

Preferential Trade Agreements and the World Trade System : A Multilateralist View

Krishna, Pravin - 2012

This paper reviews recent developments in international trade to evaluate several arguments concerning the merits of preferential trade agreements (PTAs) and their place in the world trade system. Taking a multilateralist perspective, it makes several points: First, despite the proliferation of...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013110923

Preferential Trade Agreements

Limão, Nuno - 2016

A large and growing number of countries participate in multiple preferential trade agreements (PTAs), which increasingly entail broad cooperation over policies extending far beyond trade barriers. I review the traditional and non-traditional motives for PTAs and their empirical determinants as...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012995513

Is the WTO Passé?

Bagwell, Kyle - 2015

The WTO has delivered policy outcomes that are very different from those likely to emerge out of the recent wave of preferential trade agreements (PTAs). Should economists see this as an efficient institutional hand-off, where the WTO has carried trade liberalization as far as it can manage, and...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013020207

Trade Growth Under the African Growth and Opportunity Act

Frazer, Garth - 2010

This paper explores whether one of the most important U.S. policies towards Africa of the past few decades achieved its … desired result. In 2000, the United States dropped trade restrictions on a broad list of products through the African Growth … in African countries, we find that AGOA has a large and robust impact on apparel imports into the U.S., as well as on the …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012759989

The Role of History in Bilateral Trade Flows

Eichengreen, Barry; Irwin, Douglas A. - 2021

This paper investigates the theory and evidence that history plays a role in shaping the direction of international trade. Because there are reasons to anticipate a positive correlation between the predominant direction of trade flows in the past and membership in preferential arrangements in...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013212584

Do Value-Added Taxes Affect International Trade Flows? Evidence from 30 Years of Tax Reforms

Benzarti, Youssef - 2019

This paper uses all Value Added Tax (VAT) changes across all EU Member States from 1988 to 2016 to estimate the effect of VATs on trade flows. We find small elasticities of trade flows with respect to VATs, in spite of some of the VAT changes being substantial. We estimate substantially smaller...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012863700

Is Regionalism Simply a Diversion? Evidence from the Evolution of the EC and Efta

Bayoumi, Tamim A.; Eichengreen, Barry - 2021

This paper considers the impact on trade of preferential arrangements in Europe since the 1950s. Using a first difference version of the gravity model, we find that the EC and EFTA altered the pattern of international trade. We also find evidence of trade diversion in several cases, notably that...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013224188

Returns to Regionalism : An Evaluation of Non-Traditional Gains from Rtas

Fernández, Raquel - 2022

The last decade has witnessed an explosion in the number of regional trade agreements (RTAs). There seems to be a general if ill-defined belief on the part of many policy-makers, and among a number of academics as well, that there is more to a RTA than the traditional gains from trade. This...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013323465