We study the causal impact of patent invalidation on subsequent innovation and exit by the patent holder. The analysis … is based on patent litigation at the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, and exploits the random allocation of … judges to control for endogeneity of the judicial decision. Invalidation causes the patent holder to reduce subsequent …

international patent applications in the US, Japan, the European Patent Office, and corresponding filings in three developing … undertake detailed analyses of patent prosecution in the three developing countries. Our analyses indicate that measures to … procedural aspects of patent systems, beyond the formal policies targeting secondary applications, that affect outcomes for these …

parties to a standard. We develop a simple model of the disclosure process to illustrate the link between SSO rules and patent …

Such institutions as patent systems cannot be well understood without an assessment of technological creativity in … success of the invention. Prize-oriented institutions thus appear to be less systematic and not as market-oriented as patent …

and the private sector. We study these transitions using detailed data from the US Patent and Trademark Office. We find … that patent examiners grant significantly more patents to the firms that later hire them and that much of this leniency …

This paper studies the effects of the USPTO's patent secrecy program in World War II, under which over 11,000 U ….S. patent applications were issued secrecy orders which halted examination and prohibited inventors from disclosing their …

We report the results of the first comparative study of the determinants and effects of patent oppositions in Europe … thirty times higher than the rate of re-examination at the USPTO. Moreover, opposition leads to a revocation of the patent in … about 41 percent of the cases, and to a restriction of the patent right in another 30 percent of the cases. Re …

preliminary injunctions in civil litigation. The hypothesis is tested using a sample of 252 patent suits, which allows us to …

The paper seeks to understand the impact of the patent system on innovation by examining shifts in the strength of … patent protection across sixty countries and a 150-year period. An examination of 177 policy changes reveals that … strengthening patent protection appears to have few positive effects on patent applications by entities in the country undertaking …

The impacts of two recent changes in US patent policy depend on the length of time it takes for an invention to go … debates. We use data on U.S. patent applications and grants to determine the factors influencing the length of the patent … examination process. We augment this analysis with interviews of patent examiners, leading to a better understanding of the …