the acceding countries, as reflected in protracted negotiations. We study the growth and investment consequences of WTO …, especially for countries with poor governance. …

We investigate the role of national institutions on subnational African development in a novel framework that accounts …-effect of national institutions on ethnic development masks considerable heterogeneity partially driven by the diminishing role …

worse than firms in other regions. They have lower productivity levels and growth rates, export less, and have lower … investment rates. Once we control for geography, political competition and the business environment, formal African firms lead in … productivity levels and growth. Africa's conditional advantage is higher in low-tech than in high-tech manufacturing, and exists in …

We investigate the role of deeply-rooted pre-colonial ethnic institutions in shaping comparative regional development … association between pre-colonial ethnic political centralization and regional development. This pattern is not driven by … positive association between pre-colonial political complexity and contemporary development obtains also within pairs of …

to the diffusion of development and of specific innovations. We provide an interpretation of these results in the context … of an emerging literature seeking to understand variation in economic development as the result of factors rooted deep in …

-sponsored entitlements that women would normally receive at the health center at the time of delivery. Despite initiating the reform on their …

rights in Brazil on the reluctance of landowners to rent because of a fear of expropriation arising from land reform. Since … land conflicts, is currently at the heart of land reform policies in Brazil. Land conflicts are a means for landless … peasants to bring attention to land reform agencies for the need for redistribution. Land conflicts may also signal to …