This chapter reviews the theory underlying the index number approaches used by National Statistical Offices in the construction of productivity indexes. It covers approaches for measuring output, labour and capital and highlights persistent and emerging measurement problems.

In this paper we theoretically and empirically model import demand and export supply behavior of firms for the U.S. economy from 1967-1982. A producer theoretic approach based on duality theory is used to derive econometric systems of producer supply and demand functions that are consistent with...

In this paper we employ a recently proposed procedure (Dlewert and Morrison[1985]) for adjusting real domestic product and productivity for changes in a country's terms of trade. We apply this procedure to a comparison of two major industrialized countries, the U.S. and Japan. The approach is...

In this paper we employ index number theory in addressing the problem of adjusting real national income and real domestic product for changes in a country's terms of trade. More specifically, using recent developments in the theory of production, we address the problems related to measuring: (i)...

The paper derives a consistent accounting framework for the treatment of inventories when measuring the productivity of a distribution firm. The average purchase price of an inventory item during an accounting period must be distinguished from its average selling price and these two average...