relating to patenting, robust conclusions regarding the empirical consequences for technological innovation of changes in …

reforms also redistribute innovation across industries in closer alignment to its distribution in the U.S., which we take to … increasing value-added growth rates across all industries, and by larger margins in industries with more innovation potential …

What is the role of startups within the innovation ecosystem? Since 2000, startups have grown in their share of … ventures in the innovation process relative to more traditional alternatives such as academia and established private … generate predictions related to the value and impact of startup innovation. We then explore these predictions using patents …

fertility of an innovation in generating more innovations cannot be observed. The menu of patent scope can be implemented with …

We estimate differences in innovation behavior between foreign versus U.S.-born entrepreneurs in high-tech industries … characteristics and innovation activities. We find uniformly higher rates of innovation in immigrant-owned firms for 15 of 16 … different innovation measures; the only exception is for copyright/trademark. The immigrant advantage holds for older firms as …

How do non-practicing entities ("Patent Trolls") impact innovation and technological progress? Although this question …", who exploit the patent system to extract rents and thereby hurt innovation. We employ unprecedented access to NPE … also find that downstream innovation drops in fields where patents have been acquired by NPEs. Finally, our numerical …