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European Pharmaceutical Price Regulation, Firm Profitability, and R&D Spending

Golec, Joseph H. - 2006

EU countries closely regulate pharmaceutical prices whereas the U.S. does not. This paper shows how price constraints affect the profitability, stock returns, and R&D spending of EU and U.S. firms. Compared to EU firms, U.S. firms are more profitable, earn higher stock returns, and spend more on...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012465985

Patent Rights, Product Market Reforms, and Innovation

Aghion, Philippe - 2013

Can patent protection and product market competition complement each other in enhancing incentives to innovate? In this paper, we address this question by investigating how innovation responses to a substantial policy initiative increasing product market competition interact with the strength of...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012459807

Economic Research on Privacy Regulation : Lessons from the GDPR and Beyond

Johnson, Garrett - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2022

This paper reviews the economic literature on the European Union's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). I … highlight key challenges for studying the regulation including the difficulty of finding a suitable control group, variable firm … compliance and regulatory enforcement, as well as the regulation's impact on data observability. The economic literature on the …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013477197

Regional Nonadjustment and Fiscal Policy : Lessons for EMU

Obstfeld, Maurice - 1999

How will countries handle idiosyncratic national macroeconomic shocks under the European single currency? The ways in which European countries now react to internally asymmetric shocks provide a better forecast than do the regional response pattern of the United States. In this paper we compare...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012471641

Poisoned Grapes, Mad Cow, and Protectionism

Engel, Eduardo - 1999

This paper studies two episodes where an exporting industry saw its sales plummet after importing countries banned their products to protect their citizens' health. The first case is the poisoned grapes crisis involving Chile and the United States in 1989. The second is the mad cows dispute...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012471848

Estimates of the Value of Patent Rights in European Countries During thePost-1950 Period

Schankerman, Mark - 1985

This paper examines the distribution of the values of patent rights in the United Kingdom, France, and Germany during the post-1950 period. These values are inferred from the behavior of patentees with respect to payment of renewal fees on their patents. A simple economic model of renewal...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012477430

Global Effects of the Brexit Referendum : Evidence from US Corporations

Campello, Murillo - 2020

We show that the 2016 Brexit Referendum led American corporations to cut jobs and investment within US borders. Using establishment-level data, we document that these effects were modulated by the degree of reversibility of capital and labor. American job losses were particularly pronounced in...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012479238

Non-Monetary News in Central Bank Communication

Cieslak, Anna - 2018

We quantify the importance of non-monetary news in central bank communication. Using evidence from four major central banks and a comprehensive classification of events, we decompose news conveyed by central banks into news about monetary policy, economic growth, and separately, shocks to risk...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012480685

Will Brexit Age Well? Cohorts, Seasoning and the Age-Leave Gradient, Past, Present and Future

Eichengreen, Barry - 2018

In the UK's 2016 referendum on EU membership, young voters were more likely than their elders to vote Remain. Applying new methods to a half century of data, we show that this pattern reflects both ageing and cohort effects. Although voters become more Eurosceptical as they age, recent cohorts...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012480870

Brexit Uncertainty and Trade Disintegration

Graziano, Alejandro - 2018

We estimate the uncertainty effects of preferential trade disagreements. Increases in the probability of Britain's exit from the European Union (Brexit) reduce bilateral export values and trade participation. These effects are increasing in trade policy risk across products and asymmetric for UK...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012480985