This paper proposes a method to estimate treatment effects in difference-in-differences designs in which the treatment start is staggered over time and treatment effects are heterogeneous by group, time, and covariates, and when the data are repeated cross-sections. We show that a...

Measuring market discrimination is extremely difficult except in the increasingly rare case where physical output measures allow direct measurement of productivity. We illustrate this point with evidence on elections to offices of the American Economic Association. Using a new technique to infer...

With the American Time Use Survey of 2003 and 2004 we first examine whether additional market work has neutral impacts on the mix of non-market activities. The estimates indicate that fixed time costs of market work alter patterns of non-market activities, reducing leisure time and mostly...