displaced state authorities and promoted the creation of self-governing institutions that embodied local values and openly … state. Our results suggest that community institutions in guerrilla-controlled areas led to enduring land fragmentation and … disengagement with the government. We argue that when non-state actors develop alternative governance institutions, they can lead to …

Two important theories of religiosity are the secularization hypothesis and the religion-market model. According to the … depends on the presence of a state religion, regulation of the religion market, suppression of organized religion under … religion tends to increase religiosity, probably because of the subsidies that flow to organized religion. However, in …

economic performance and political institutions. We study these two directions of causation in a broad cross-country panel that … attendance and religious beliefs are positively related to education (thereby conflicting with theories in which religion … and lower fertility. We investigate the effects of official state religions, government regulation of the religion market …

In this paper we revisit the relationship between institutions, human capital and development. We argue that empirical … models that treat institutions and human capital as exogenous are misspecified both because of the usual omitted variable … focus on historically-determined differences in human capital and control for the effect of institutions, the impact of …

differences through the dynamics of saving and investment. We posit that the drivers of economic development include institutions …

We exploit differences in the mortality rates faced by European colonialists to estimate the effect of institutions on … different associated institutions. The choice of colonization strategy was, at least in part, determined by whether Europeans … likely to set up worse (extractive) institutions. These early institutions persisted to the present. We document evidence …