The 1965 Voting Rights Act (VRA) paved the road to Black empowerment. How did southern whites respond? Leveraging newly …

In recent years, voter ID laws and convenience voting have generated heated partisan debates. To shed light on these … consequences on policy choices and for democratic legitimacy. Building on a simple cost-benefit model of voting, we then review … (quasi)-experimental work studying the effects of voting procedures and of other election rules. Voting procedures (which …

This paper provides new evidence on why men and women leaders make different choices. We first use a simple political … policies to be less effective if decided by women, the model predicts that female politicians undertake less containment effort …

During the first half of the twentieth century, many US states enacted laws restricting women's labor market … with male sole earners who compete with women for jobs. We show that the theory's predictions for when protective …

Research on female political representation has tended to overlook the traditional role of women as leaders across many … local elections. Our findings indicate that ethnic groups historically allowing women in leadership roles in politics do … observe that institutional, rather than economic, factors significantly shape the traditional political influence of women …

We study a unique quasi-experiment in Austria, where compulsory voting laws are changed across Austria's nine states at … different times. Analyzing state and national elections from 1949-2010, we show that compulsory voting laws with weakly enforced … preferences suggest these results occur because individuals swayed to vote due to compulsory voting are more likely to be non …

This year marks the centennial of the Nineteenth Amendment, which provided American women a constitutional guarantee to … the franchise. We assemble data from a variety of sources to document and explore trends in women's political … participation, issue preferences, and partisanship since that time. We show that in the early years following enfranchisement, women …

fundamentals. In 2007, Costa Rica put a free trade agreement (FTA) to a national referendum. With a single question on the ballot …. We merge disaggregated referendum results with employer-employee data, customs and balance-sheet data, firm … via input-output linkages, significantly influences the voting behavior of its employees. This effect is greater for …

investments. Our analysis highlights a two-way feedback effect. In a frictionless economy, shareholder democracy is irrelevant … benefit of shareholder democracy. Nevertheless, shareholder democracy can hurt a typical citizen because of the representation … technologies that increase investor diversification or enable pass-through voting have important implications for these trade …