This paper utilizes a micro-level data set from 49 countries to address three issues: What determines corruption at the … individual level? What determines the perception of the extent of corruption in the country? Does corruption have a direct impact … corruption which portrays the extent of corruption as revealed byindividuals who live in those countries. The results show that …

threats, corruption, and other relevant controls. While growth falls with higher levels of military spending, given the values …

In this paper we analyze the link between corruption money laundering and round-trip investment via offshore … the conclusion that there is a strong link between round-trip investment and corruption money laundering …

countries with higher corruption norms, lower government control and effectiveness. Predictions of the level of counterfeiting …

In this paper, we provide a new framework for analyzing corruption in public bureaucracies. The standard way to model … corruption is as an example of moral hazard, which then leads to a focus on better monitoring and stricter penalties with the … eradication of corruption as the final goal. We propose an alternative approach which emphasizes why corruption arises in the …

level of corruption and the preferences of capital suppliers explain a significant portion of the variation in leverage and …

by customs authorities in exporting countries. We find that this reporting gap is highly correlated with the corruption … studying trade in illicit goods. Further, our results provide empirical confirmation that survey-based corruption indicies are …

are desperate, vulnerable, or demanding services particularly prone to corruption. The effect is strongest for bribery of …

have smaller welfare-state programs and less corruption. Other results present puzzles for future research: the adjustment …