: informal fiscal systems that rely on local bureaucrats to fund the delivery of public goods and services. Using survey data and … arise when monitoring corruption is difficult relative to monitoring the provision of public services, and politically …-important groups of citizens do not bear the full cost of corruption. The existence of such systems can distort the effective incidence …

In many countries, local governments struggle with inefficiency and corruption, often perpetuated by entrenched elites …

We analyze the organization of corruption in a state agency. The dual mandate of the Democratic Republic of the Congo … profits and distortions beyond those that would be made possible via corruption by individual state officials …

Corruption is a widespread phenomenon in many developing and transitional economies. China is a country in profile both … in the prevalence of corruption, and in its attempts to root out corruption. The recent anti-corruption campaign in China … also provides unusual amount of data to study the causes and consequences of corruption, which will have implications for …

cost of corruption, in the context of public transport. We first document that police stops can lead to long bribe …

We conduct parallel surveys of legislators and citizens in three countries to study their tolerance for corruption. In …-offs between, for example, probity and efficiency: both perceive corruption as undesirable but prevalent. These novel descriptive … data further reveal that legislators generally have accurate beliefs about public opinion on corruption and understand its …

Concerns about fraud in welfare programs common arguments worldwide against such programs. We conducted a survey … disutility from corruption,' i.e., the trade-between more generous social assistance and losses due to corruption and fraud …. Merely mentioning corruption reduced perceived program success, equivalent to distributing more than 20 percent less aid …

risk, such as corruption, negatively impacts innovation by reducing R&D expenditure, human capital in R&D, number of … highlight the detrimental effects of expropriation risk on innovation and economic development at the country level …